Circular Economist

Circular design treats waste as inevitable; cradle to cradle treats it as a design failure.

Seven states now have EPR laws on the books, each with different rules for the same product.

Producers nationwide now face packaging waste fees as EPR laws spread across states.

Three frameworks dominate, each asking different questions about what matters.

EU rules shift producers from polluters to payers, but implementation gaps remain wide.

Companies turn waste into raw materials by pairing firms whose outputs match each other's needs.

Most companies can't measure if sustainability spending actually works.

Circular models force companies to redesign how they make money, not just tweak their waste.